Description
Stainless Steel Grade 416/1.4005 is a martensitic stainless steel known for its free-machining properties due to the addition of sulfur. It offers high machinability and can be hardened through heat treatment, making it suitable for various industrial applications. 416 stainless steel exhibits good corrosion resistance, especially in mild corrosive environments, and provides excellent wear resistance.
Chemical Composition
Carbon (C): 0.15% max
Chromium (Cr): 0.15% max
Nickel (Ni): 0.75% max
Manganese (Mn): 1.25% max
Silicon (Si): 1.00% max
Sulfur (S): 0.15% min
Phosphorus (P): 0.060% max
Phosphorus (P): ≤ 0.040%
Iron (Fe): Balance
Mechanical Properties
Tensile Strength: 540 - 790 MPa
Yield Strength: 275 MPa min
Elongation at Break: 20% min
Hardness: 262 HB max (annealed)
Thermal & Physical Properties
Density: 7.74 g/cm³
Melting Point: 1480°C (2696°F)
Thermal Conductivity: 24.9 W/m•K at 100°C
Electrical Resistivity: 570 nΩ•m at 20°C
Specific Heat Capacity:0.460 J/g•K at 20°C
Other Designations
DIN Number: 1.4005
UNS: S41600
AISI: 416
EN: X12CrS13
Fabrication and Heat Treatment
Machinability: Excellent machinability due to sulfur addition; ideal for high-speed machining operations.
Welding: Not typically recommended for welding due to sulfur content. If welding is necessary, preheat and post-weld heat treatment are required to minimize cracking.
Heat Treatment:
Annealing: Heat to 815-900°C, followed by slow furnace cooling.
Hardening: Heat to 950-1020°C, then quench in oil or air.
Tempering: Heat to 205-370°C, then air cool.
Applications
Automotive: Valve components, shafts, and fasteners.
Industrial: Gears, pump shafts, and bolts.
Aerospace: Various machined components.
Food Processing: Knife blades and other cutting tools.
Home Appliances: Screws, nuts, and other hardware components.
Supplied Forms
Bars: Round, square, hexagonal, and flat bars.
Features
Free-Machining: High sulfur content enhances machinability.
Corrosion Resistance: Good resistance in mild corrosive environments.
Wear Resistance: Suitable for applications requiring high wear resistance.
Hardening: Can be hardened through heat treatment for increased strength and hardness.
Magnetic: Magnetic in all conditions.
